LCL and Posterolateral Corner Injuries
What Is the LCL?
The Lateral Collateral Ligament (LCL) is one of the four major stabilizing ligaments of the knee. It runs along the outer (lateral) side of the knee, connecting the femur (thigh bone) to the fibula (the smaller bone in the lower leg). The LCL works in conjunction with other structures in the outer knee—collectively known as the posterolateral corner (PLC)—to stabilize the joint during side-to-side and rotational movements.
These structures resist varus stress (inward pressure that pushes the knee outward), protect against excessive rotation, and contribute to joint control during high-demand activities like cutting, pivoting, and downhill motion.
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What Is the Posterolateral Corner (PLC)?
The posterolateral corner refers to a complex network of ligaments, tendons, and muscle attachments at the back and outer side of the knee. This includes:
- Lateral Collateral Ligament (LCL)
- Popliteus tendon
- Popliteofibular ligament
- Iliotibial band
- Biceps femoris tendon insertion
Together, these structures maintain the rotational and varus integrity of the knee. Injury to the PLC is often overlooked but can result in chronic instability if not diagnosed and treated appropriately.
How Do LCL and PLC Injuries Occur?
These injuries typically result from high-energy trauma or awkward twisting motions. Common causes include:
- A blow to the inner knee, forcing it outward
- Sports collisions or falls (e.g., football, skiing, wrestling)
- Traumatic knee dislocations
- Motor vehicle accidents
LCL and PLC injuries often occur in combination with damage to the ACL or PCL, especially in complex multi-ligament knee injuries.
Symptoms of LCL or PLC Injury
Because symptoms can be subtle at first, these injuries are sometimes missed. Common signs include:
- Pain or tenderness along the outside of the knee
- Swelling or bruising over the lateral joint line
- A feeling of instability or “giving way,” especially during pivoting
- Difficulty with downhill walking or turning
- Noticeable looseness or abnormal movement during physical exam
- In chronic cases: a visible bowing of the knee during walking (varus thrust)
Diagnosis at Kerlan Jobe Institute
• Varus stress testing to detect ligament laxity
• Dial test to assess for rotational instability at different angles
• Gait observation for signs of varus thrust
• MRI scans to identify ligament tears and soft tissue damage
• Stress X-rays to objectively measure joint instability
• In trauma cases: vascular assessment to rule out injury to nearby arteries or nerves
Due to the complexity of PLC anatomy, these injuries are best evaluated by a surgeon experienced in complex knee reconstructions.
Grading LCL Injuries
Like other ligament injuries, LCL tears are graded by severity:
Grade 1: Mild sprain with minimal fiber damage
Grade 2: Partial tear with some joint laxity
Grade 3: Complete rupture with significant instability, often involving the PLC
Treatment Options
Non-Surgical Treatment
Mild (Grade 1) and some moderate (Grade 2) LCL injuries can often be managed conservatively:
- Activity modification
- Bracing to protect the lateral knee
- Physical therapy for strength and joint control
- Crutches during early stages (if needed)
Careful follow-up is required to ensure healing and to detect any hidden PLC involvement.
Surgical Treatment
Surgery is typically recommended for:
- Grade 3 LCL tears
- Any injury involving the posterolateral corner
- Cases with combined ligament damage (ACL, PCL, etc.)
- Chronic instability or failed conservative care
At Kerlan Jobe Institute, surgical repair or reconstruction involves:
- Reattachment of torn structures if acute
- Use of graft tissue (autograft or allograft) to reconstruct LCL/PLC anatomy in chronic cases
- Simultaneous reconstruction of other injured ligaments as needed
Our surgical approach is individualized, anatomically precise, and backed by extensive experience in multi-ligament knee repair.
Recovery After LCL or PLC Surgery
Due to the complexity of these injuries, recovery is more gradual than for isolated ligament repairs. Typical phases include:
First 6–8 weeks:
Limited weight-bearing, protective bracing, and gradual range of motion
Weeks 8–16:
Progressive strengthening, gait retraining, and neuromuscular control
Months 4–9:
Functional rehab, agility training, and return-to-sport preparation
Full recovery for athletic return often takes 9–12 months, especially if combined injuries are involved.
Why Early, Expert Treatment Matters
LCL and PLC injuries are frequently underdiagnosed, and delayed or inadequate treatment can result in long-term knee instability, abnormal gait, and early-onset arthritis. At Kerlan Jobe Institute, we provide:
- Expertise in posterolateral corner reconstruction
- Access to advanced imaging and diagnostic tools
- A team-based, patient-centered approach to rehab and recovery
Our specialists are among the most experienced in the country at managing these rare but complex knee injuries.
Getting You Back in Motion
Surgery is just the beginning. How do you heal, move, and feel when all is said and done?
From NHL and NBA players to weekend warriors, our goal is the same: getting you back to doing what you love.
Patient Testimonials
highly skilled surgeon
“Dr. Kvitne operated on my shoulder 3 years ago and I had a perfect recovery and no problems since and I do not see a scar. He is kind with a great bedside manor and a highly skilled surgeon.”
Dr. Kharrazi truly got me back on my feet—literally.
One year ago, I tore several ligaments in my knee, and now I’m able to do the things I enjoy again.
His expertise, knowledge, and confidence are what made me choose him as my surgeon, and I will always be grateful to him and his entire team. Rudy, his assistant; Norma, who was always so prompt with all of my emails; and Blanca, who helped with forms—each of them made a difference. I can’t thank them enough for being there with me every step of the way.
I can’t say enough good things about Dr. Kvitne
“My experience with Dr Kvitne was amazing he is a outstanding Doctor what a talented man he is my knee was in such bad shape he did not have much to work with but he got in there and fixed me up there was so much that had to be repaired Dr Kvitne with his knowledge and experience repaired my knee so nicely done I have had knee surgery before but never like this I can’t say enough good things about Dr Kvitne awesome human being as well as a awesome excellent Doctor!!”
Dr. Kharrazi gave me my mobility back
After 2 knee surgeries with other Orthopedics I must say that Dr. Kharrazi is a miracle worker. I have my mobility back and my pain level is so greatly improved. Thanks Dr. K!
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Kerlan-Jobe provides comprehensive orthopaedic care for patients seeking expert treatment for sports injuries, joint pain, and mobility limitations. We offers specialized experience and a patient-first approach designed to support lasting results.
Contact the office to schedule a consultation and learn more about your treatment options.