What Is a Cervical Fracture?

A cervical fracture refers to a break in one of the seven vertebrae (C1–C7) that make up the cervical spine in the neck. These fractures range from minor cracks to life-threatening injuries that may involve the spinal cord. Often caused by high-impact trauma, cervical fractures require immediate medical evaluation to prevent neurological damage.

Causes and Risk Factors

• Motor vehicle accidents (especially high-speed collisions)
• Falls from significant heights
• Diving into shallow water
• Sports injuries (football, rugby, gymnastics)
• Osteoporosis or weakened bones (increased risk with low bone density)
• Advanced age or previous spine conditions

Symptoms

• Severe neck pain following trauma
• Swelling and tenderness around the neck
• Restricted neck movement or muscle spasms
• Neurological signs: numbness, tingling, or weakness in arms or legs
• Difficulty breathing or swallowing (in severe cases)
• Loss of bowel or bladder control (if spinal cord involvement occurs)
• Deformity or visible misalignment of the neck (in severe injuries)

Diagnosis

• Immediate immobilization of the cervical spine to prevent further injury
• X-rays: Initial imaging to detect fractures or dislocations
• CT scan: Detailed evaluation of bony structures and fracture severity
• MRI: Assess for soft tissue damage, spinal cord compression, or disc injury
• Neurological exam to assess spinal cord function

Treatment

Non-Surgical Treatment

• Used for stable fractures without spinal cord involvement
• Cervical collar or hard brace to immobilize the neck
• Pain management with medications
• Physical therapy begins once bone healing is underway
• Periodic imaging to monitor healing

Surgical Treatment

• Required for unstable fractures or those involving spinal cord compression
• Procedures may include spinal fusion, decompression, or internal fixation with screws and plates
• Aimed at restoring spinal alignment and preventing neurological damage
• Postoperative rehabilitation is critical for recovery

Recovery Timeline

• Healing for minor, stable fractures: 6–8 weeks with bracing
• Surgery may require 3–6 months for full recovery, depending on injury severity
• Rehabilitation includes gradual return of motion, strength, and mobility
• Close follow-up with spine specialists ensures proper healing and prevents long-term complications

Expert Treatment at Kerlan Jobe Institute

Kerlan Jobe Institute provides advanced care for cervical spine fractures. Our orthopedic spine surgeons specialize in trauma-related injuries and offer both non-surgical and surgical solutions. With a focus on minimizing spinal cord risk and restoring function, we guide patients from injury through full recovery with expert attention.